The internet,the web and Electronic Commerce

HTML
HTML is a language, which makes it possible to present information (e.g. scientific research) on the Internet.
The purpose was to make it easier for scientists at different universities to gain access to each other's research documents.
What you see when you view a page on the Internet is your browser's interpretation of HTML. To see the HTML code of a page on the Internet, simply click "View" in the top menu of your browser and choose "Source".

Javascript
JavaScript is a scripting language used to enable programmatic access to objects within other applications.
It is primarily used in the form of client-side JavaScript for the development of dynamic websites.

Applets
An applet is a program written in the Java programming language that can be included in an HTML page, much in the same way an image is included in a page. When you use a Java technology-enabled browser to view a page that contains an applet, the applet's code is transferred to your system and executed by the browser's Java Virtual Machine (JVM).

Business-to-Consumer E-Commerce

(B2C, sometimes also called Business-to-Customer) describes activities of businesses serving end consumers with products and/or services.

Example: A person buying a pair of shoes from a retailer. The transactions that led to the shoes being available for purchase, that is the purchase of the leather, laces, rubber, etc. as well as the sale of the shoe from the shoemaker to the retailer would be considered (B2B) transactions.

Consumer-to-Consumer E-Commerce
(C2C) (or citizen-to-citizen) electronic commerce involves the electronically-facilitated transactions between consumers through some third party.
Example: online auction, which a consumer posts an item for sale and other consumers bid to purchase it; the third party generally charges a flat fee or commission. The sites are only intermediaries, just there to match consumers. They do not have to check quality of the products being offered.


File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
A standard network protocol used to exchange and manipulate files over a TCP/IP based network, such as the Internet. FTP is built on a client-server architecture and utilizes separate control and data connections between the client and server applications.

Filters

A program that accepts certain type of data as input, transforms it in some manner and then outputs the transformed data.

For example, a program that sorts names is filter because it accepts the names in unsorted order, sort them, and outputs the sorted names.